Abstract: In the Russia-Ukraine conflict，Ukraine's unmanned surface vehicles（USVs），with their unique advantages such as small size，low cost，and flexibility，have created a classic example of "the smaller defeats the bigger"，providing a "testing ground" for the systematic application of USVs in modern warfare. Based on open source intelligence information，the offensive and defensive combat methods of USVs on both sides are summarized by sorting the offensive and defensive equipment of Russian and Ukrainian USVs，and then the advantages and disadvantages of USV operations are analyzed in combination with the application cases of USVs in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict，and finally the development trend of anti-USV equipment is prospected from four aspects：system construction，early warning and detection，comprehensive defense and resistance，and equipment research and development.