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复杂海况下规则波与随机波的数值生成与模拟研究

Numerical Generation and Simulation of Regular and Random Waves in Complex Sea Conditions

  • 摘要: 针对复杂海洋环境下规则波与随机波的数值生成问题,基于Navier–Stokes方程和VOF自由液面捕捉方法,建立了三维数值波浪水池模型,并构建了动量源造波与阻尼消波方法。对于规则波,基于有限水深重力水波理论推导造波动量源项;对于随机波,采用JONSWAP谱、等分能量离散法及线性叠加原理构建随机波动量源项。通过网格与时间步长无关性分析,验证了所建模型的数值稳定性。结果表明:规则波模拟中,数值波面与三阶Stokes理论解吻合良好,波频误差小于4%;随机波模拟中,数值波谱与目标JONSWAP谱基本一致,有效波高偏差小于5%。研究表明:本文方法能够较准确地实现规则波与随机波的数值生成与传播模拟,可为复杂海洋环境下的波浪数值研究提供参考。

     

    Abstract: To address the numerical generation of regular and random waves under complex marine conditions, a three-dimensional numerical wave tank model is established based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the VOF method for free-surface capturing, and a momentum-source wave-making method together with a damping wave-absorbing method is developed. For regular waves, the wave-making momentum source term is derived from finite-depth gravity wave theory. For random waves, the momentum source term is constructed using the JONSWAP spectrum, the equal-energy discretization method, and the linear superposition principle. The numerical stability of the proposed model is verified through grid and time-step independence analyses. The results show that, for regular waves, the numerically simulated wave profiles agree well with the third-order Stokes theory, and the frequency error is less than 4%. For random waves, the numerical wave spectrum is generally consistent with the target JONSWAP spectrum, and the deviation of significant wave height is less than 5%. The proposed method can accurately simulate the numerical generation and propagation of regular and random waves, and can provide a useful reference for wave simulations under complex marine conditions.

     

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