Numerical Generation and Simulation of Regular and Random Waves in Complex Sea Conditions

To address the numerical generation of regular and random waves under complex marine conditions, a three-dimensional numerical wave tank model is established based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the VOF method for free-surface capturing, and a momentum-source wave-making method together with a damping wave-absorbing method is developed. For regular waves, the wave-making momentum source term is derived from finite-depth gravity wave theory. For random waves, the momentum source term is constructed using the JONSWAP spectrum, the equal-energy discretization method, and the linear superposition principle. The numerical stability of the proposed model is verified through grid and time-step independence analyses. The results show that, for regular waves, the numerically simulated wave profiles agree well with the third-order Stokes theory, and the frequency error is less than 4%. For random waves, the numerical wave spectrum is generally consistent with the target JONSWAP spectrum, and the deviation of significant wave height is less than 5%. The proposed method can accurately simulate the numerical generation and propagation of regular and random waves, and can provide a useful reference for wave simulations under complex marine conditions.